Papel del metabolismo del triptófano y el AHR en el cáncer de mama

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32776/revbiomed.v37.i2.1369

Palabras clave:

receptor de hidrocarburos de arilo, quinurenina, cáncer de mama

Resumen

El cáncer de mama (CaMa) es una de las neoplasias malignas más comunes entre las mujeres en todo el mundo, en el que las células incrementan su metabolismo mediante la regulación de múltiples vías metabólicas, entre ellas la del triptófano (Trp). En la presente revisión descriptiva, se revisó la literatura indexada reciente en PUBMED y se discute el estado actual del conocimiento sobre el metabolismo del Trp, la vía de la Kyn y sus metabolitos derivados, su relación con la señalización mediada por el receptor para hidrocarburos de arilo (AHR) en el CaMa, así como su potencial como blanco terapéutico. Tres enzimas del metabolismo del Trp están sobreexpresadas en el CaMa: la indolamina-2,3-dioxigenasa 1 y 2 (IDO1/2) y la triptófano-2,3-dioxigenasa 2 (TDO2), las cuales catalizan la degradación del Trp a quinurenina (Kyn), ligando del AHR. El AHR es un factor de transcripción que se ha caracterizado por su papel como mediador de las respuestas adaptativas ante los hidrocarburos aromáticos policíclicos. La sobreexpresión de este factor de transcripción se ha observado en varios tipos de tumores, incluido el de mama. Al activar al AHR, la Kyn y otros metabolitos derivados del Trp estimulan la expresión de la enzima IDO1, lo que provoca un aumento de los niveles de Kyn. Por otro lado, la activación del AHR modifica la respuesta inmune generando un circuito inmunosupresor que favorece la progresión del CaMa. La estrategia de inhibir estas moléculas ha suscitado grandes expectativas en el campo de la oncoterapia.

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Publicado

2026-05-01

Número

Sección

Artículo de revisión

Cómo citar

“Papel Del Metabolismo Del triptófano Y El AHR En El cáncer De Mama”. REVISTA BIOMÉDICA, vol. 37, no. 2, May 2026, https://doi.org/10.32776/revbiomed.v37.i2.1369.